Process of prepaking vitamin bx



Patented July 8. 1941 raocass or raaranmc VITAMIN B.

Stanton A. Harris, Westfleld, N.

Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N. 1.,

or New Jersey 1., assirnor to a corporation No Drawinz. Application December 27, 1938,

Serial No. 247,948

14 Claims. (CL 260-295) This invention relates to a process of preparin; vitamin Ba, and related compounds, and to new intermediate products made and employed in such process.

I have discovered that these compounds may be synthesized by reacting ethoaq'aeetylacetone and cyanoacetamide to form 3-cyano-4-ethoxymthyl-G-methylpyridone-Z, hydrolyzing the latter compound to form the lactone oi 3-carboxy- 4-hydroxymethyl-6 methylpyridone 2. treating the latter compound with nitric acid to form the lactone o1 3-carbo3w-4-hydroxymethyl-5-nitro- G-methylpyridone-Z, ehlorlnatlng the latter compound .to form the lactone of 2-chloro-3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl 5 nitro-6 methylpyridine, reducing the latter compound to form the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl5-amino- G-methylpyridine, or alternatively, by reducing the lactone of 2-chloro-3-carho1v-4-hydroumethyl 5-nitro-6-methylpyridine to the lactone oi 2-chloro-3-carl:ioxyhydroxymethyl-E amino-B-methylpyridine, and reducing the latter compound to th lactone of 3 carboxy4-hydroxymethyl-S-amino-G- methylpyridlne. diszotizing the latter compound to form the lactone of 3- carboxy-4hydroxymethyl-S-hydroxy-G methylpyridine, and reducing the latter compound to form vitamin B0. These steps may be represented by the following:

CHIOCIHI hydrolysis I ---4 CH 0 HgC-O HgSOl CH N =0 OaN CH N Cl CH; N

rho-0 cmon no (i=0 no CHIOE reduction L n. c N

, yield of 92 gms. or 81% to be understood that the example is-given by way of illustration and not or limitation.

Example Sixty-five and three tenths gms. of cyanoacetamide are dissolved in 500 cc. of hot alcohol and 93.1 ms, of added. Twenty-five cc. 0! piperidineare then added with shaking. whereupon the mixture becomes warm. The solution is cooled and allowed to stand overnight, again cooled, and filtered. The crystals are washed with 95% alcohol and a of white crystals is obtained, having a melting point of 200-202 C. Upon recrystallization from boiling 95% alcohol, crystals of 3-cyano-4-ethoiwmethyl-6-methyls pyridone-2 are obtained. which'have a. melting point of 202.5 C.

Fifteen ms. of a-cyano-i-ethoxymethyl-fimethylpyridone-z are mixed with 125cc. 0! concentrated hydrochloric acid and heated at C. for tour hours. The reaction mixture is poured into 400 cc. of a mixture of water and ice, whereupon crystals oi the lactone or S-carboxy-i-hydroxymethyl-G-methylpyridone 2 appear. The mass is filtered and washed with water, the dried product weighing 11.1 gms. or about 87% yield. Upon recrystallization from water the crystals have a melting point of 320 C. (uncorrected).

Alternatively, the lactone o1 B-carboxy-i-hydroxymethyl-B-methylpyrldone-2 may be obtained by refluxing 93 gms. oi! 3-cyano-i-ethoxymethyl-6-methy1pyridone-2 for three hours with 1120 cc. of 50% sulfuric acid, the temperature of the liquid being 120' C. The reaction mix- A ture is poured into 3.5-4.0 liters 01 water and placed in an ice room overnight. The next day, the crystals are filtered off, washed well with water, alcohol, and-ether, and dried at a temperature of 55-60 C. The yield is 70.5 ms. or 88.2% of theory.

Twenty-eight ms. of the lactone oi S-car -bo1w-4-hydroxymethyl-6 methylpyridone 2 are dissolved in 62 cc. of concentrated sulfuric acid, the solution is cooled, and added to an ice cold mixture or 124 cc. and 52 cc. iuming nitric acid (sp. g. 1.5). The mixture warms spontaneously. reaching a temperature of 85-45 C. After this tempera-hire starts to tell, the mixture is cooled'to 15' C. and poured onto crushed ice, the ilnal volume being'about 1 liter, A yellow solid forms immediately, which is-flltered OE and dried at 65 C. 'Ifhe ield of the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxethoxyacetylacetone are or concentrated sulfuric .acidhydroxymethyl-5-nitro-6-methy1pyridine is 12.6

ms. or 77% of theory. It may be recrystallized from benzene and ethyl acetate, and has a meltm8 P0111170! PIG-178 C..

Two and twenty-eighthundredths gms. oi the lactone o1 2-chloro-3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethylfi-nitro-fi-methylpyridine are dissolved in 150 cc. of a mixture of ethyl acetateand 95% of ethyl alcohol, 10 gms. of 5% palladium on barium carin vacuo and the hydrochloride oi. vitamin B0 is extracted with alcohol and crystallized by the bonate and 0.3 gm. of platinum oxide are added as a catalyst, and the mixture is hydrogenated underabout two atmospheres pressure. ,The reduction proceeds smoothly and takes up the full four mols of hydrogen in about one hour. The mixture is filtered and the solvent removed by evaporation. The residue is extracted with a mixture of water and chloroform, the chloroform layer is separated, and the chloroform evaporated. The residue ,is recrystallized from ethyl acetate, and is the lactone o1 3-carboxy-4- hydroxymethyl-5-amino-6-methylpyridine; melting point 225-226" C. The picrate of this compound is made by mixing alcohol solutions of the same and picrlc acid. It is filtered and recrystallized from water or alcohol. The picrate ihas a melting 'point of 230 C., withdecomposition. Alternatively. 5.58 gms. of the lactone oi 2-chloro 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl- 5-nitro-6- methylpyridine is dissolved in 190 cc.of glacial acetic acid, 0.3 gm. platinum oxideadded andthemixture shaken with hydrogen at three atmospheres pressure until three molecular equivalents are absorbed. The'reduction is stopped, the mixture cooled, filtered and recrystallized from glacial acetic acid. The'total yield of the lactone of 2-chloro-3-carboxy-4-hydroxyinethyl-5 amino- G-methylpyridine is 2.31 gms. or 48% of theory. It may be recrystallizeddirectly from glacial acetic acid orfrom strong hydrochloric acid, by dilution and has a melting point of 280-282" C.

Five and ninety-five hundredths gms. oi the lactone of 2-chloro-3-carboxy-4-hydroxvmethyl- 5-amino-6-methylpyridine is suspended in 250 cc. of absolute alcohol with 10 gms. palladium on barium carbonate as a catalyst and shaken with hydrogen at 2-3 atmospheres pressure and 60 C. until thevthoretical quantity is absorbed. The solution is filtered from the catalyst and cooled turic 'acid and sodium nitrite solution is addedat about 0 C. The diazo solution is decomposed by adding dropwise to boiling 50% sulfuric acid,

theacid is exactly neutralized with sodium byaddition of acetone; If desired, the vitamin Ba free base can be obtained from the hydrochloride, and has the formula 3,4-di(hydroxymethyl)-5- hydroxy-G-methylpyridine.

Alternatively, the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine is dissolved in 30% hydrochloric acid and warmed on a boiling water bath. Granulated tin is added and the mixture heated for one hour. The solution is evaporated to dryness and the residue dissolved in water and treated with hydrogen sulphide to remove the tin. The filtrate is again evaporated to dryness and the vitamin Be hydrochloride is recrystallized from alcohol and acetone. Y

Alternatively, the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine is dissolved in water and reduced with hydrogen in a high pressure bomb at 175 C. with copper chromite as the catalyst. After cooling to room temperature the solution is filtered from the, catalyst and evaporated to dryness to obtain vitamin Ba.

Modifications may be made in carrying out this invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.

I claim:

1. In the process of preparing vitamin Be, the steps which comprise reacting ethoxyacetylacm tone and cyanoacetamide to form 3-cyano-4 ethoxymethyl-G-methyl-pyridone-2, and converting the latter by a series of reactions into vitamin Be.

2. In the process of preparing vitamin Be, the steps which comprise hydrolyzing' '3-cyano-4- ethoxymethyl-6-methylpyridone-2 to form the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-6-methylpyridone-2, and converting the latter by a series of reactions into vitamin B5.

3. In the process of preparing vitamin Be, the

7 steps which comprise treating the lactone of whereupon crystals are obtained. Additional 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-6-methylpyridbnei-2? with nitric acid to form the lactone of 3-carboxy- 4-hydroxymethyl-5- nitro-6 methylpyridone 2, and converting the latter by a series of reactions into vitamin B6.

4. In the process of preparing vitamin Be, the steps which comprise chlorinating the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyh5-nitro-6-methylpyrldone-2 to form the lactone of 2-chloro-3 carboxy- 4 -hydroxymethyl- 5 -nitro- 6 -methylpyridine, and converting the latter by a series of reactions intovitamin Be.

5. In the process of preparing vitamin Be, the steps which comprise reducing the lactone of 2- chloro-3-carboxy-4 hydroxymethyl-5 nitro- 6-. methylpyridine to form the lactone of 2-chloro- 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-5 amino 6-methylpyridine, and converting the latter by a series of reactions into vitamin Be.

6. In the process of preparing vitamin Be, the steps which comprise reducing the lactone of 2-chloro-3-carboiw-4-hydroxymethyl-5 aminofi-methylpyridine to tom the lactone of 3-carboxy 4-hydroxymethyl-5-amino-6-methylpyridine, and converting the latter by a series of reactions into vitamin Ba;

7. In the process oi preparing vitamin Be, the steps which comprise reducing the lactone of 2-chloro-3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-5-nitro- 'fi-methylpyridine to form the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-5-amino-6 methyl pyridine, and converting the latter by a series of reactions into vitamin Be.

8. In the process or preparing vitamin Be, the steps whichcomprise diazotizing the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-5-amino-6-methylpyridine to form the lactone oi 3-carboxy-4- hydfoxymethyi-fi hydroxy 6 methyipyridine, and converting the latter by a series of reactions into vitamin B0.

9. In the process of preparing vitamin Be, the step which comprises reducing the iactone 01' 3 carbon-4 hydroxymethyl-5 hydroxy-6 methylpyridine to obtain vitamin B6.

10. The process of preparing vitamin Be which comprises reacting ethoxyacetylacetone and cyanoacetamide to form 3-cyano-4-ethoxymethyl- 6-methylpyridone-2, hydrolyzing the latter compound to form the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxy-methyl-6-methylpyridone-2, treating the latter compound with nitric acid to form the lactone of 3-carbowy-4-hydroxymethyl-5-nitro-6- methylpyridone-2, chlorinating the latter compound to form the iactone of 2-chloro-3-carboxy. 4-hydroxymethyl-5-nitro-6 methylpyridine, reducing the latter compound to form the lactone of 3-carboxy-4-bydroxymethyi-5-amino-6-methylpyridine. diazotizing the latter compound to form the lactone or 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethylfi-hydroxy-fi-methylpyridine, and reducing the latter compound to form vitamin Be.

11. The lactone of 2-chloro-3-carboxy-4-hydrozwmethyl-5-nitro-6-methylpyridine.

12. The lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-5-amino-6-methyipyridine.

13. The lactone of 3-carboxy-4-hydroxymethyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine.

14. Compounds of the general formula:

R C O OH R: N

STANTON'A. HARRIS.

Certificate of cement Patent No. 2,248,078. Jul 8, 1941.

STANTON A. HARRIS Itis hereby certified that-error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent re'quirin correction as follows: Page 3, second eoluinn, lines 17 to 23, claim 14, for the form a a OKs-'0' and that the said; Letters Patent should be reed with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 27th day of April, A. 11-1943.

[sun] HENRY VAN ARSDALE, x Acting Commissioner of Patenic. 

